Common causes of penis redness
Redness is one of the key signs of inflammation (along with pain, swelling, heat and loss of function), which is the body’s response to damage. It is caused by an increase in blood flow through the tiny blood vessels (capillaries) around the injury. Here’s what redness on your penis could mean.
Fungal infections
Redness, itching, and a spotty rash on and around the penis can be signs of a fungal infection, often caused by a yeast called Candida albicans. A fungal infection can also lead to balanitis, which is when the head of the penis becomes inflamed, causing redness, swelling and soreness. Fungal infections often happen in areas that stay warm and moist, like under the foreskin. Keeping the area clean and dry can help, but if it doesn’t improve, a doctor can provide medicine to clear up the infection.
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
Redness on the penis can sometimes be a sign of a sexually transmitted infection (STI). STIs like genital herpes, syphilis, chlamydia, and gonorrhea can cause redness along with other symptoms such as itching, pain, sores, unusual discharge, or a burning sensation when peeing. If you notice redness or other unusual changes, it’s important to see a doctor. They can check for STIs and give the right treatment, like antibiotics or antiviral medicines. Using condoms during sex helps protect against most STIs and keeps you and your partner safe.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a long-term inflammatory condition in which the skin has raised or thickened red spots, which can occur on the penis. These patches might look scaly and/or shiny, and can feel itchy or sore. Psoriasis on the penis is often less scaly than on other parts of the body but can still be uncomfortable. It happens because the immune system speeds up skin cell growth, leading to a buildup of cells that form red, inflamed patches. Triggers like stress, infections, or certain medications can make it worse. If you notice these patches, talk to a doctor. They can recommend treatments like special creams or ointments to soothe the skin and manage the condition.
Eczema
Eczema is a form of dermatitis (inflammation of the skin) that causes the skin to be itchy, dry and scaly. Eczema can cause red, irritated patches to appear on the penis (which are usually characteristically dry, scaly, and itchy) and the skin can sometimes crack or feel sore. Eczema is a long-term condition, usually accompanied by excessive immune activity. It can be triggered by things like sweat, soaps, tight clothing, or allergies. Stress and dry weather can also make it worse. Certain moisturisers or medicated ointments or creams can be used to reduce inflammation and itching. Avoiding irritants, using gentle soaps, and keeping the area moisturised can help prevent flare-ups.
Contact dermatitis
Contact dermatitis can cause redness, irritation and sometimes itching or burning on the penis. This happens when the skin reacts to something it has come into contact with, like chemicals or allergens. Common triggers include harsh chemicals or fragrances in soaps or body washes, added scents in perfumes or lotions, latex in condoms, spermicides or lubricants that can irritate the skin or cause an allergic reaction. If you think contact dermatitis is the cause, stop using the product that might be triggering it and wash the area with warm water (no soap). Using unscented or hypoallergenic products can help avoid future reactions.
Poor hygiene
Friction can lead to chafing and redness on the penis, caused by repeated rubbing or pressure on the skin. This can happen due to tight clothing, excessive sexual activity, or vigorous masturbation without proper lubrication. In some cases, the area might feel dry or develop small cracks, increasing the risk of infection if not cared for properly. To prevent friction-related irritation, wear comfortable clothing made from breathable fabrics, use adequate lubrication during sexual activity, and avoid overdoing activities that may irritate the area.
Friction
Friction can lead to chafing and redness on the penis, caused by repeated rubbing or pressure on the skin. This can happen due to tight clothing, excessive sexual activity, or vigorous masturbation without proper lubrication. In some cases, the area might feel dry or develop small cracks, increasing the risk of infection if not cared for properly. To prevent friction-related irritation, wear comfortable clothing made from breathable fabrics, use adequate lubrication during sexual activity, and avoid overdoing activities that may irritate the area.
Urinary tract infection (UTI)
A urinary tract infection can cause irritation and inflammation in the penis. Most UTIs are caused by bacteria that spread from the anus into the urinary tract. Once inside, the bacteria can multiply, leading to symptoms like redness, pain, or discomfort, especially when urinating. Other symptoms might include a frequent urge to urinate or cloudy, foul-smelling urine. If you suspect a UTI, it’s important to see a doctor. They can prescribe antibiotics to clear the infection and prevent complications, and identify the underlying cause of the infection. Drinking plenty of water and practicing good hygiene can help prevent UTIs.
